Income Tax is a type of direct tax. It is governed by The Income Tax Act (1961), as well as other rules, notifications, and circulars, issued from time-to-time. Barring certain exceptions it is mandatory for all 'persons' defined under the Income Tax Act to file annual returns, comply with Advance Tax and TDS and various other rules.

Income Tax Return Filing for Individuals


The CBDT which oversees all regulations relating to Direct Taxes in India, and constantly endeavours to simplify the compliance and tax filing process. However, there are various aspects of the tax laws in India that still lead to complexities.

Frequent amendments and notifications around Income Tax forms means that the method of filing or the information sought might vary each year. All of this further means that it is not always feasible for individual to file their tax returns without professional guidance.

Income Tax Return Filing for Companies


Filing or ITR for companies and firms is more complex and incorrect filing of returns and information have unfavourable consequences and penalties. Every company dreads notices, scrutiny, and correspondence with tax departments.

Here is the Key Information About Tax Due Dates in India

Advance Tax


  • Advance tax is payable by all assesses whose estimated Annual Tax Liability is more than Rs. 10,000.
  • Tax is payable as per the due dates below, failing which interest under Section 234 is charged
  • Advance tax due dates for all assesses are as follows
Due Date Advance Tax Payable Taxpayers who have opted for Presumptive Taxation Scheme
On or before 15th June 15% of Advance Tax  
On or before 15th September 45% of Advance Tax  
On or before 15th December 75% of Advance Tax  
On or before 15th March 100% of Advance Tax 100% of Advance Tax

Income Tax Return Due Dates for AY 2018-19 (FY 2017-18)


Assessee Due Date
All assesses, who are required to furnish a report under Section 92E (Transfer Pricing Audit) 30th November of AY 2018-19
Every other company not included above 30th September of AY 2018-19
Every other person whose Books of Accounts are required to be audited under any law
Every individual who is a working partner of a firm, where firm's books of accounts are required to be audited under any law
For all other assesses not included above 30th July of AY 2018-19

Audit of Accounts


For AY 2018-19, as per Section 44AB of the Income Tax Act it is mandatory for the following classes of assessees to get their books of accounts audited

  • A person carrying on business, if his total sales, turnover, or gross receipts (as the case may be) in business for the year exceed or exceeds Rs. 1 Crore.
  • However, if a person, opts for Presumptive Taxation Scheme under section 44AD, he is not required to get the books audited if his total sales or turnover does not exceed Rs. 2 Crores.
  • A person carrying on profession, if his gross receipts in profession for the year exceed Rs. 50 lakhs.
  • A person who is eligible to opt for the Presumptive Taxation Scheme of section 44AD (*) but claims the profits or gains for such business to be lower than the profits and gains computed as per the presumptive taxation scheme of section 44AD and his income exceeds the amount which is not chargeable to tax.

Tax Rates can be classified on the basis of the entity (assessee)


For Individual (resident and non-resident), HUF, Association of Person or Body of Individual or any other artificial juridical person

Income Tax Slab for Financial Year 2016-17, 2017-18, Assessment Year 2017-18, 2018-19

Taxable Income Slab Tax Rate Tax Rate
FY 2016-17 FY 2017-18
AY 2017-18 AY 2018-19
Up to Rs. 2,50,000 Nil Nil
Rs. 2,50,000 to Rs. 5,00,000 10% 5%
Rs. 5,00,000 to Rs. 10,00,000 20% 20%
Above Rs. 10,00,000 30% 30%
Less : Rebate under Section 87A Tax payable or Rs. 5,000 whichever is less But Allowed only if total income < 5 Lacs Tax payable or Rs. 2,000 whichever is less But Allowed only if total income < 3.50 Lacs
Add : Education Cess + Secondary and Higher Education Cess 3% 3%
Add : Surcharge 15% (where total income > 1 Crore) 10% (where income between 50 Lacs to 1 Crore)
15% (where total income > 1 Crore)

In case of a Resident Senior Citizen (who is 60 years or more at any time during the previous year but less than 80 years on the last day of the previous year)

Income Tax Slab for Financial Year 2016-17, 2017-18, Assessment Year 2017-18, 2018-19

Taxable Income Slab Tax Rate Tax Rate
FY 2016-17 FY 2017-18
AY 2017-18 AY 2018-19
Up to Rs. 3,00,000 Nil Nil
Rs. 3,00,000 to Rs. 5,00,000 10% 5%
Rs. 5,00,000 to Rs. 10,00,000 20% 20%
Above Rs. 10,00,000 30% 30%
Less : Rebate under Section 87A Tax payable or Rs. 5,000 whichever is less But Allowed only if total income < 5 Lacs Tax payable or Rs. 2,000 whichever is less But Allowed only if total income < 3.50 Lacs
Add : Education Cess + Secondary and Higher Education Cess 3% 3%
Add : Surcharge 15% (where total income > 1 Crore) 10% (where income between 50 Lacs to 1 Crore)
15% (where total income > 1 Crore)

In case of a resident Super Senior Citizen (who is 80 years or more at any time during the previous year)

Income Tax Slab for Financial Year 2016-17, 2017-18, Assessment Year 2017-18, 2018-19

Taxable Income Slab Tax Rate Tax Rate
FY 2016-17 FY 2017-18
AY 2017-18 AY 2018-19
Up to Rs. 5,00,000 Nil Nil
Rs. 5,00,000 to Rs. 10,00,000 20% 20%
Above Rs. 10,00,000 30% 30%
Less: Rebate under Section 87A (allowed only to resident individual) Not applicable since income up to 5 lacs is exempt Not applicable since income up to 5 lacs is exempt
Add : Education Cess + Secondary and Higher Education Cess 3% 3%
Add : Surcharge 15% (where total income > 1 Crore) 10% (where income between 50 Lacs to 1cr)
15% (where total income > 1 Crore)

Partnership Firm

For the Assessment Year 2017-18 and 2018-19, a partnership firm (including LLP) is taxable at 30%.

Add

  • Surcharge : The amount of Income Tax shall be increased by a Surcharge at the rate of 12% of such tax, where total income exceeds 1 Crore rupees. However, the Surcharge shall be subject to marginal relief (where income exceeds 1 Crore rupees, the total amount payable as Income Tax and Surcharge shall not exceed total amount payable as Income Tax on total income of 1 Crore Rs. by more than the amount of income that exceeds 1 Crore rupees).
  • Education Cess : The amount of Income Tax and the applicable Surcharge, shall be further increased by Education Cess calculated at the rate of 2% of such Income Tax and Surcharge.
  • Secondary and Higher Education Cess : The amount of Income Tax and the applicable Surcharge, shall be further increased by Secondary and Higher Education Cess calculated at the rate of 1% of such Income Tax and Surcharge.

LLP

Taxation of LLP is same as taxation on Partnership firm

Domestic Companies

  • Income Tax Rate for domestic company for the Assessment Year 2017-18 and 2018-19, is taxable 30%.
  • For Assessment Year 2017-18, tax rate would be 29% where turnover or gross receipt of the company does not exceed Rs. 5 Crores in the previous year 2014-15.
  • However, for Assessment year 2018-19, tax rate would be 25% where turnover or gross receipt of the company does not exceed Rs. 50 Crores in the previous year 2015-16.

Add

  • Surcharge : The amount of Income Tax shall be increased by a Surcharge at the rate of 7% of such tax, where total income exceeds 1 Crore Rs. but not exceeding 10 Crore Rs. and at the rate of 12% of such tax, where total income exceeds 10 Crore rupees. However, the Surcharge shall be subject to marginal relief, which shall be as under
    • Where income exceeds 1 Crore Rs. but not exceeding 10 Crore rupees, the total amount payable as Income Tax and Surcharge shall not exceed total amount payable as Income Tax on total income of 1 Crore Rs. by more than the amount of income that exceeds 1 Crore rupees.
    • Where income exceeds 10 Crore rupees, the total amount payable as Income Tax and Surcharge shall not exceed total amount payable as Income Tax on total income of 10 Crore Rs. by more than the amount of income that exceeds 10 Crore rupees.
  • Education Cess : The amount of Income Tax and the applicable Surcharge, shall be further increased by Education Cess calculated at the rate of 2% of such Income Tax and Surcharge.
  • Secondary and Higher Education Cess : The amount of Income Tax and the applicable Surcharge, shall be further increased by Secondary and Higher Education Cess calculated at the rate of 1% of such Income Tax and Surcharge.

Foreign Company

Income Tax Slab for Foreign Company for Assessment Year 2017-18 and Assessment Year 2018-19

Nature of Income Tax Rate
Royalty received from Government or an Indian concern in pursuance of an agreement made with the Indian concern after March 31, 1961, but before April 1, 50%
1976, or fees for rendering technical services in pursuance of an agreement made after February 29, 1964 but before April 1, 1976 and where such agreement has, in either case, been approved by the Central Government  
Any other income 40%

Add

  • Surcharge : The amount of Income Tax shall be increased by a Surcharge at the rate of 2% of such tax, where total income exceeds 1 Crore Rs. but not exceeding 10 Crore Rs. and at the rate of 5% of such tax, where total income exceeds 10 Crore rupees. However, the Surcharge shall be subject to marginal relief, which shall be as under
    • Where income exceeds 1 Crore Rs. but not exceeding 10 Crore rupees, the total amount payable as Income Tax and Surcharge shall not exceed total amount payable as Income Tax on total income of 1 Crore Rs. by more than the amount of income that exceeds 1 Crore rupees.
    • Where income exceeds 10 Crore rupees, the total amount payable as Income Tax and Surcharge shall not exceed total amount payable as Income Tax on total income of 10 Crore Rs. by more than the amount of income that exceeds 10 Crore rupees.
  • Education Cess : The amount of Income Tax and the applicable Surcharge, shall be further increased by Education Cess calculated at the rate of 2% of such Income Tax and Surcharge.
  • Secondary and Higher Education Cess: The amount of Income Tax and the applicable Surcharge, shall be further increased by Secondary and Higher Education Cess calculated at the rate of 1% of such Income Tax and Surcharge.

Co-operative Society

Income Tax Rate for Co-operative Society for Assessment Year 2017-18 and Assessment Year 2018-19

Taxable Income Tax Rate
Up to Rs. 10,000 10%
Rs. 10,000 to Rs. 20,000 20%
Above Rs. 20,000 30%

Add

  • Surcharge : The amount of Income Tax shall be increased by a Surcharge at the rate of 12% of such tax, where total income exceeds 1 Crore rupees. However, the Surcharge shall be subject to marginal relief (where income exceeds 1 Crore rupees, the total amount payable as Income Tax and Surcharge shall not exceed total amount payable as Income Tax on total income of 1 Crore Rs. by more than the amount of income that exceeds 1 Crore rupees).
  • Education Cess : The amount of Income Tax and the applicable Surcharge, shall be further increased by Education Cess calculated at the rate of 2% of such Income Tax and Surcharge.
  • Secondary and Higher Education Cess: The amount of Income Tax and the applicable Surcharge, shall be further increased by Secondary and Higher Education Cess calculated at the rate of 1% of such Income Tax and Surcharge.

At V Purohit & Associates, we have in-depth, practical, and updated knowledge about various tax structures, compliance requirements, and statutory developments. Clients engage us for professional services for

  • Filing of Income Tax return
  • Audit Under Income Tax (Tax audit)
  • Assessment and Scrutiny proceedings, etc.
  • Consulting on Tax Planning and Tax structure
  • Taxation of NRI and Planning for Tax Saving
  • Periodic compliance (like payment of Advance Tax)
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Feel free to reach us for all types of tax compliance requirements in India.

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